The line of the trench, closely following the Bukorwe Ridge, is intersected by a number of valleys and lower lying areas. In these areas a trench is not the appropriate solution for both practical and environmental reasons. This has resulted in a number of gaps in the valley sections leaving the fence vulnerable to funneling problem animals into these gaps. While this can be partly offset by community guarding of these areas, a more permanent solution is being sought. Plans are being discussed with international civil engineers for the best solutions in these areas taking into account both cost and availability of local construction materials and equipment. To date 12 kms of trench have been excavated and there has already been a reduction in the incidence of crop raiding and illegal cattle grazing. It is also forging a commitment between the communities and UWA to work together and this will inevitably have positive effects on anti poaching.